Abstract

Background: Several cells of immune system such as regulatory T cells and macrophages secrete transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in response to different stimuli. This cytokine has inhibitory effect on immune system and diminished production of this cytokine is associated with autoimmune disorders. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of opium addiction on serum level of TGF-beta in male and female diabetic and non-diabetic Wistar rats. Methods: This experimental study was performed on normal, opium addicted, diabetic and addicted-diabetic male and female rats. Serum level of TGF-beta was measured by ELISA. Results: The results of our study indicated that the mean serum level of TGF-beta in female addicted rats was significantly increased compared to control group (p < 0.004). Conversely, in male addicted rats the mean serum level of TGF-beta was lower compared with control (p < 0.065). Conclusion: Our results suggest that opium and its derivatives have differential inductive effects on the cytokine expression in male and female rats.